Revalidation of the Client Perceptions of Nutrition Counselling (CPNC) Instrument

Abstract

The purpose of this project was to reassess the utility and content validity of the Client Perceptions of Nutrition Counselling (CPNC) instrument, originally developed in the early 1990s as a valid and reliable means to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition counselling from the perspectives of those who consulted with a dietitian in an ambulatory care setting, while in hospital, or at a clinic. Outcomes assessed using the CPNC include trust in the dietitian per the Value of Nutrition Education conceptual framework (Hauchecorne et al., 1994), perceptions of and confidence in one’s ability to manage one’s health condition through diet, and comprehension of nutrition advice. These measures contrast with traditional outcome measures of weight and body composition, laboratory findings, clinical status, and dietary intake. A three-step progressive development design was used to assess and update the instrument: 1) a literature and report review; 2) an advisory panel (AP) consultation; and 3) based on Step 2, instrument revision if required. Findings from the literature review were that a more recent instrument based on user reflections on their nutrition counselling experiences was not available. The AP determined the CPNC remained relevant and updated the instrument. The revised CPNP 2.0 instrument is included in the article. Use of the CPNC 2.0 instrument makes it possible for people who have consulted with a dietitian to report on their perceptions of the service, and on personal outcomes related to using the service. These findings have implications at the unit/departmental level; dietitians and managers can consider how they might modify their services (for example, timing of consultations, virtual meetings rather than face to face, or integrating food skilling/culinary therapy into programs) to address service users’ needs and preferences. Findings can be used to advocate for nutrition counselling services to administrators, foundations, boards, health ministries, and others. Individually, and as a group, findings can inform dietitians’ decisions about professional development needs.