Abstract
Most of countries have plentiful water resources and they all provide priority to the protection of water quality. In this work, a laboratory scale a combined electrocoagulation (EC)/ Electrodialysis (ED) process was applied to treat the tannery wastewater in order to bring the quality up to the international wastewater reuse standards. The effects of operational variables on performance were examined. The electrocoagulation current density, operating time and pH are the most important variables. In wide ranges, conductivity has no remarkable effects on pollutant removal but constitutes a good way for minimizing operating costs. Thus, it was found that that removing of 1 Kg of COD produces 0.35 Kg of organic sludge. In contrast, we concluded that 1 Kg of chromium produces regarding 6.5 Kg of inorganic sludge. However, combined process was sufficient to reuse treated tannery wastewater for irrigation. The quality of treated tannery wastewater was compared with various international standards/guidelines for wastewater reuse. It was found that the studied parameters such as, pH, COD, NH 3 -N, Cr and color were within allowable limits. In addition, electrical conductivity and TDS are important to determine the suitability of wastewater for safe irrigation. Their values are within safe range. Ultimately, it can be confirmed that the study may help to conserve tannery wastewater and alleviate the water shortage problem in the study area. Keywords : Combined process; irrigation; guidelines; tannery; reuse DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/11-24-04 Publication date: December 31 st 2020
Highlights
A few decades ago, water and energy sources were classified as the top two challenges for the twenty-first century
In the one hand, is characterized as an influential pollutant that can cause strict environmental problem associated to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), sulfides, chromium, deep color content together with variable pH and low biodegradability (Durai et al 2011)
Based on our results in two cases (Al &Fe) we approximately found that removing of 1 Kg of COD produces 0.35 Kg of organic sludge
Summary
A few decades ago, water and energy sources were classified as the top two challenges for the twenty-first century. In the one hand, is characterized as an influential pollutant that can cause strict environmental problem associated to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), sulfides, chromium, deep color content together with variable pH and low biodegradability (Durai et al 2011) It should be, absolutely, searched a cleaner technology, economically as well as environmentally sustainable tannery wastewater treatment methods. The most importance different of ED compared to other membrane processes is the use of an electrical current with low levels, rather than pressure; which helps to reduce the cost of ED (Huang et al.2007) It has been successfully applied in recycling systems, drinking water and wastewater treatment, to reduce pollution and water reuse, recycling valuable components from the waste streams. It is one of the first focused investigations into the reuse of tannery wastewater for food crop irrigation, which may become a vital survival strategy for residents of water-scarce regions in years to come
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