Returned Migrants Settlement : Focus on Kazakhstan’s Oralman case

Abstract

This research evaluatesthe success of the Return Migration Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan related toreturnKazakhs who are called Oralman. This research focuses on the Oralmans’s migration andadaptation to the societyandanalyzesthe general government Return Migration Policy and the special Return Program in relation to important topics as well as adaptation to new place, the integration into society and the realization of programs. This research contains the following results. First, Kazakhstan’s Migration Policy couldn’t ensure a secure arrival for migrated Kazakhs. Second, the special program for migration which covered the period from 2009-2011 could nottake into accountall returnees’ problems. Third, Oralman faced many problems: accommodation support, job, alimentation, etc. Fourth, they do not receive government benefits on time. Fifth, Oralman have different adaptation problems into new society, particularly in rural areas. Sixth, the bilingual system creates a language barrier for them. Seventh, cultural and religious differences have an impact on Oralman socialization. The government needs to putmucheffort in preparation ofa successful migration policy and to give secureness for returnee Kazakhs. One of the most important factors is to correct the Migration Policy with detailed obligations forboth government and returnee. In addition, local organizations and government organs must enforce the established return Migration Policy so the returned Kazakhs will not experience unfair treatments.