Abstract
Objective: To analyse the colposcopy results at the Gynaecological Clinic of Houeyiho. Patients and methods: Retrospective, descriptive and analytical studies were conducted by the Clinic of Houeyiho in Cotonou from January 2013 to December 2015. Results: 440 women were received in colposcopy including 251 (57%) referred by health workers for VIA (Visual Inspection with Acetique Acid)/VILI (Visual Inspection with Lugol’s Iodine) abnormalities, forty-seven (47) for abnormal smears (10.7%), thirty-eight (38) for metrorrhagia (8.6%). 10% of cases were mainly concerned with post-therapeutic monitoring (six colposcopies of the vagina fundus after hysterectomy for cervical cancer and four after conization). The average age of patients is 41 years within plus or minus 5 years. Forty (40) cases of Grade 1 Atypical Transformation, twenty-nine (29) cases of Grade 2 Atypical Transformation including two (2) cases of leukoplakia (1 post-conization for CINIII, 1 in a HIV+ patient), ten (10) cases of Grade 1 Atypical Transformation/Grade 2 Atypical Transformation association were recorded. A colposcopy biopsy was performed in 95 patients meaning 21.6% of patients. Five biopsies were realized for a cervical neoplasia suspicion and were sent to Pasteur Cerba laboratory in France for the sake of efficiency and rapidity of results. In Grade 1 Atypical Transformation, 66.6% of CIN1 and condylomata plana were noted. Nevertheless, a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma with metaplasia has been discovered in a TAG1 with a 23-year old patient. In Grade 2 Atypical Transformation, the histology reveals 44.4% of CIN 1, 40.7% of severe dysplasia and 11.1% of carcinomas. Conclusion: The colposcopy may be a good screening method with a good colpo-histology agreement in Cotonou. But it’s relatively expensive (20.000 CFA francs) and the reduced number of colposcopists restricts its use in Benin.
Highlights
Each year in sub-Saharan Africa, cervical cancer is diagnosed in 34.8 women out of 100,000 and 22.5 out of 100,000 die because of it, which is ten (10) times more than in North America
440 women were received in colposcopy including 251 (57%) referred by health workers for VIA (Visual Inspection with Acétique Acid)/VILI (Visual Inspection with Lugol’s Iodine) abnormalities, forty-seven (47) for abnormal smears (10.7%), thirty-eight (38) for metrorrhagia (8.6%). 10% of cases were mainly concerned with post-therapeutic monitoring
Cervical cancer screening is based on the realization of the Pap smear, a colposcopy to reach the lesion and guide biopsy and histology for the diagnosis [3] [4]
Summary
Each year in sub-Saharan Africa, cervical cancer is diagnosed in 34.8 women out of 100,000 and 22.5 out of 100,000 die because of it, which is ten (10) times more than in North America. Its incidence has decreased dramatically since the implementation of a regular cervical-vaginal smear [1]. This difference is explained by delayed diagnosis, linked to the lack of organized screening, lack of equipment and qualified staff, insufficient treatment and the fact that it’s far too expensive for people [2]. Cervical cancer screening is based on the realization of the Pap smear, a colposcopy to reach the lesion and guide biopsy and histology for the diagnosis [3] [4]. The main goal of this study is to assess the results of two years of colposcopy practice in this clinic. This is a retrospective study carried out in the Clinic of Houéyiho over a twoyear period: from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015
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