Abstract
Listeriosis is one of the most significant humans and animals foodborne infectious diseases. Here, we characterized 48 Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated in the territory of inner Eurasia during the second half of the 20th century. A total of 23 strains (52.3%) were susceptible to the nine antibiotics tested, 30.43%, 15.22%, and 8.7% were resistant penicillin G, ampicillin, and enrofloxacin, respectively. We applied the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme to determine the phylogenetic positions of the strains. All but one strain belonged to the II phylogenetic lineage, and the majority of the strains belonged to one of the previously described clonal complexes (CCs). More than 60% of the strains belonged to the clonal complex CC7 that prevailed among all sources, including cattle (58%), small ruminants (64%), rodents (71%), and humans (50%). Further, CC7, CC101, and CC124 were found among human isolates. The MLST scheme was supplemented with virulence gene analysis. In total, eight inlA, six inlB, and six inlC allelic variants were found, and all but one strain carried one of the two inlE alleles. Most strains (62.5%) belonged to the same multivirulence locus sequence typing (MvLST) type, which includes CC7, inlA allele 4, inlB allele 14, inlC allele 6, and inlE allele 8.
Highlights
Listeriosis is an infectious disease of humans and animals that results in high hospitalization and fatality rates [1,2]
We performed a retrospective study of L. monocytogenes strains isolated in the territory of inner Eurasia in the second part of the 20th century, when countries of the former Soviet Union were to certain extent isolated from the rest of the world
Animal isolates prevailed in the studied collection while only six human isolates were included that is in line with the rare occurrence of human listeriosis until the 1980s [41,42,43]
Summary
Listeriosis is an infectious disease of humans and animals that results in high hospitalization and fatality rates [1,2]. The annual incidence of listeriosis ranges from 0.2 to 0.5 cases per 100,000 population, while average fatality rates are estimated to be 20%–30% of hospitalized patients and can reach 40% in outbreaks, including elderly persons or immunosuppressed patients [3,4]. It is able to survive in saprophytic conditions, to effectively withstand bacterivorous organisms inhabiting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and to cause disease in a wide range of domestic and wild animals [7,9,12,13,14,15,16,17].
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