Abstract
Combat pathology, particularly mine-blast injury is the main cause of military casualties. In our country, as a factor of destabilization, are widely used terrorist attacks using explosive devices of different capacities. Blast injury over 60% is cause of military casualties during armed conflicts. It is known that the condition for the formation of air-shock wave is creating waves of pressure, which is distributed at supersonic speed as possible with pulsed gas explosion and expansion of compression ambient air. The brain, chest, abdomen, and bladder are the most sensitive parts of the human body to blast. But the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of post-traumatic explosion-induced disorders, namely, neurodegenerative complications psychosomatic, cognitive impairment, currently not fully understood and are not clear enough for an adequate therapy. The purpose of the study was to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of experimental models of blast-induced injury and to improve method and compressed air-driven shock tube. Material and methods. We used the following methods: analysis and evaluation of experimental models of explosion-induced injury by scientific publications, monographs and invention obtained in stages patent information search in the library collection of the State institution "Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" (October 2019), a retrospective search of the literature database PubMed (February 2020). Results and discussion. A retrospective analysis of the number of literary sources on the experimental reproduction of explosive trauma has shown a high interest of a large circle of scientists in the last decade. A qualitative study of scientific publications has shown a wide range of physical characteristics of an experimental shock wave, methods and devices for simulating an explosive injury. The absence of a standardized model of explosive injury with characteristics as close as possible to real circumstances creates conditions for the implementation of our own proposals. Conclusion. This work presents a tested modified experimental model for reproducing an air shock wave under laboratory conditions, which makes it possible to study the features of the course of an explosive injury of various organs and organ systems at various periods after injury
Highlights
Combat pathology, mine-blast injury is the main cause of military casualties [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
This work presents a tested modified experimental model for reproducing an air shock wave under laboratory conditions, which makes it possible to study the features of the course of an explosive injury of various organs and organ systems at various periods after injury
The first unit presents an analysis of existing experimental models of explosion-induced injury with their advantages and disadvantages; the second contains a developed and modified device for generating air shock wave in the experiment describing the experience of its usage in the laboratory
Summary
Mine-blast injury is the main cause of military casualties [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Blast injury over 60% is cause of military casualties during armed conflicts [6]. Explosive wave, known for spectacular explosion factor, including cumulative effect of several factors, including air-shock wave (ASW) is one of the main factors of initial explosion. It is known that the condition for the formation of ASW is creating waves of pressure, which is distributed at supersonic speed as possible with pulsed gas explosion and expansion of compression ambient air [8]. Despite recent advances in identifying the key mechanisms of neurological deficits after exposure factors blast, modern diagnostic and treatment strategies require new fundamental knowledge about the mechanisms of explosion-induced injury [11]. It is known that clinical trials of pharmacological agents of influence in experimental pathology, is progress in the development of the healthcare industry and the results of treatment, but they are based on the general principles cerebral protection without specific pathogenic effect
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