Retrobulbar secondary plasmacytoma: a case report and systematic review of the literature

Afshin Karami,Fatemeh Yari,Mehrdad Payandeh,Mehrnoush Aeinfar,Noorodin Karami,Soode Enayati

doi:10.15419/bmrat.v5i9.482

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is described by the proliferation of malignant plasma cells, in which orbital involvement is rare. In this report, we collected all cases with orbital multiple myeloma from 2009 to 2018 and investigated the characteristics such as sex, age, common orbital symptoms, unilateral or bilateral and different therapeutic options. Also, we reported an uncommon case of multiple myeloma that has been developed into plasmacytoma. Our patient had been initially diagnosed with multiple myeloma, but after a few months, the disease had progressed to secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the retrobulbar. Therapeutic measures, such as surgery to prevent its development in the patient's eye, were successful.

Highlights

Multiple myeloma is a tumor of malignant plasma cells that consider as the second most common hematologic malignancy 1
We collected all cases with orbital multiple myeloma from 2009 to 2018 and investigated the characteristics such as sex, age, common orbital symptoms, unilateral or bilateral and different therapeutic options
Our patient had been initially diagnosed with multiple myeloma, but after a few months, the disease had progressed to secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the retrobulbar

Summary

Introduction

Multiple myeloma is a tumor of malignant plasma cells that consider as the second most common hematologic malignancy 1. This disease has an age-adjusted incidence of 4.7 cases per 100,000 populations 2. It often occurs in adults, and the mean age at diagnosis is 70 years 3. One of the most prominent features of this disorder is the presence of more than 10% clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow or biopsy associated with end-organ damage 2. In 1846, Dalrymple and Bence Jones discovered an uncommon plasma cell tumor known as plasmacytoma 4. The purpose of this paper is to report a 62-year-old man with a clinical and pathological history of multiple myeloma, who presented evidence of a mass in the retrobulbar area of the eye

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Conclusion