Retrieving Spatial Variation of Land Surface Temperature Based on Landsat OLI/TIRS: A Case of Southern part of Jember, Java, Indonesia

Abstract

The study analysis of the land surface temperature (LST) is crucial to maintain the environmental quality of climatic conditions, particularly in Jember as the forest buffer region in the eastern part of Java, Indonesia. In this paper, the land surface temperature (LST) distributions were investigated using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS images in about 24,008.67 ha of the southern part of Jember. The land surface emissivity (LSE) is also provided in deriving the land surface temperature (LST) from satellite images. The LSE value in the Earth’s surface is retrieved from NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and fractional vegetation cover (Pv). In this case, the reflectance of NIR (Near Infrared) and red bands of Landsat 8 OLI sensor have been acquired to derive NDVI and Pv distribution. Therefore, the LST can be obtained from the LSE coefficient result and brightness temperature (BT) of Landsat 8 TIRS. The results showed that the LST average in the study area increased significantly from 20°C in 2013 to 26°C in 2018. This condition was triggered by the decreasing area with a high vegetation density about 5% of the study area from 2013 to 2018, which was figured out from the spatial distribution of NDVI and LSE.