Abstract
(1) Background: Prefabricated zirconia crowns are used to restore teeth in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the removal of these crowns with the erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser; (2) Methods: A total of 12 primary and 12 permanent teeth were prepared and prefabricated zirconia crowns were passively fitted and cemented with two resin modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) cements. Surface areas of prepared teeth and crowns were calculated. Crowns were removed using two laser settings: 4.5 Watts, 15 Hertz, 20 water/20 air, and 5 Watts, 15 Hertz, 50 water/50 air. The retrieval time and temperature changes were tested recorded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with Tukey’s adjusted post hoc pairwise comparison t-test; (3) Results: The average time for crown removal was: 3 min, 47.7 s for permanent; and 2 min 5 s for primary teeth. The mean temperature changes were 2.48 °C (SD = 1.43) for permanent; and 3.14 °C (SD = 1.88) for primary teeth. The time to debond was significantly positively correlated with tooth inner surface area and volume, outer crown volume, and the cement volume; (4) Conclusions: Use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser is an effective, safe and non-invasive method to remove prefabricated zirconia crowns cemented with RMGI cements from permanent and primary teeth.
Highlights
Dental caries continues to be the most common chronic childhood disease [1]
Facilitating crown removal with laser as a non-invasive alternative to rotary instruments could improve clinical practice considering that pre-formed zirconia crowns are becoming more common in the pediatric population. No studies of this type have been conducted on primary teeth. The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the feasibility of using an erbium-doped-yttrium aluminum garnet (Er),Cr:YSGG laser for retrieval of prefabricated zirconia crowns cemented with resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cements from primary and permanent molars while establishing most the effective and least aggressive laser settings
No studies have yet been published which examine the application of lasers to assist crown removal for prefabricated zirconia crowns on primary teeth
Summary
Dental caries continues to be the most common chronic childhood disease [1]. It can greatly affect a child’s well-being; lead to infection, poor nutrition, and missed school days; and negatively influence learning and decrease overall quality of life. Clinical dentistry has evolved to treat this disease by removing the caries and restoring teeth with fillings or crowns. The stainless-steel crown (SSC) has long been considered the “gold standard” to restore teeth with caries, cervical demineralization, developmental defects, and to temporarily restore permanent molars treated with a root canal therapy in the growing patient [2]. Multiple longitudinal studies have demonstrated the superiority of SSCs over amalgam restorations for primary molars with multi-surface involvement [3,4]. Zirconia is a crystalline dioxide of zirconium with mechanical properties similar
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