Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FucCS) is exclusively found at sea cucumbers, and it has been demonstrated to bear lipid-lowering effect in rodent models. The aim of this study is to investigate whether FucCS could attenuate atherosclerosis. FucCS was successfully obtained from sea cucumber A. japonicas, and its effect was investigated in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice. Results showed that high-dose FucCS (H-FucCS, 150 mg/kg) significantly decreased the plasma levels of LDL-C, TG, TNF-α and IL-6; increased the level of HDL-C and reduced the lipids accumulation in the aortic sinus and liver compared to the model group. Western blotting results showed that H-FucCS could down-regulate the proteins expression of MCP-1, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 compared to the model group. Further study on the proteins expression of MAPK subfamilies indicated that FucCS administration had no influence on the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 and Erk1/2, but it significantly reduced the phosphoryl...
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