Retraction: Effects of hypoxia on monocyte inflammatory mediator production: Dissociation between changes in cyclooxygenase-2 expression and eicosanoid synthesis.

Abstract

Effects of Hypoxia on Monocyte Inflammatory Mediator Production: DISSOCIATION BETWEEN CHANGES IN CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 EXPRESSION AND EICOSANOID SYNTHESISJournal of Biological ChemistryVol. 278Issue 40PreviewBlood-derived monocytes are found at sites of inflammation as well as in solid tumors and atherosclerotic arteries. They are an abundant source of inflammatory eicosanoids such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane A2, which are formed via arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism by cyclooxygenase-1/2 (COX-1/2). In vitro studies of inflammatory mediator production are conducted invariably in room air, which does not reflect the oxygen tensions found in monocyte-containing lesions, which are frequently hypoxic. Full-Text PDF Open Access VOLUME 278 (2003) PAGES 38607–38616 This article has been retracted by the publisher. An investigation by the Journal determined the following. In Fig 4, the “no LPS” lanes in the GAPDH Northern blots were duplicated between normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In Fig. 6A, several bands were duplicated in the COX-2 immunoblot. In Fig. 10, the first lanes between normoxic and hypoxic conditions were duplicated in the phosphorylated cPLA2 immunoblot. Additionally, in Fig. 10, lane 3 of the normoxic panel was reused in lane 2 of the hypoxic panel.