Abstract
In deserts the temperature of the sand bed can reach up to more than 50 degrees C, however, existing knowledge on the lift-off and falling velocities and angles of sand particles in windblown sand flux is based mainly on experimental results over a temperature range of 20 degrees C to 30 degrees C. Consequently, existing experimental results cannot reflect the actual interaction between saltating sands and the bed. In this study, the influence of the sand bed temperature on the probability distribution of lift-off and falling velocities and angles of sand particles is investigated through an improved Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system. Results demonstrate that the distribution shape of lift-off and falling velocities and angles of sand particles is not greatly influenced by the temperature of sand bed, however it has a certain influence on the center of the probability distributions of horizontal velocities, as well as the average, decay constant and amplitude of the distributions of vertical velocities and angles. We present formulas to describe the probability distributions of lift-off and falling velocities and angles with regard to the influence of sand bed temperature. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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