Abstract
Dementia is a clinical syndrome characterized by multiple cognitive deficits and causes progressive neurodegeneration leading eventually to death. The incidence of dementia is increasing worldwide with the increase in ageing population. However, no effective treatment is available yet. It has been hypothesized that drugs activating neurite outgrowth might induce neuronal reconstruction and help in the recovery of brain function. Working on this hypothesis, we recently observed that the chloroform extract of the Rosa damascena significantly induced the neurite outgrowth activity and inhibited the Aβ(25–35)-induced atrophy and cell death. Further workup led the isolation of a very long polyunsaturated fatty acid having molecular formula C37H64O2 as an active constituent. The structure of this compound was established by extensive analysis of fragmentations observed in EI-MS mode. The isolated compound protected Aβ(25–35)-induced atrophy and displayed strong neurite outgrowth activity. The length of dendrite in the cells treated with this compound were comparable to those of nerve growth factor (NGF) treated cells.
Highlights
Dementia is one of the most burdensome health conditions worldwide
The current treatment includes the use of cholinomimetic agents in the form of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitors such as donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine; the clinical efficacy of these drugs is still controversial [3]
The oil of R. damascena have been shown to relieve depression and stress in humans [6], and has a relaxant effect on guinea pig tracheal chains [26]; this is the first report on the neurite outgrowth of rose extract
Summary
Dementia is one of the most burdensome health conditions worldwide. Dementia causes progressive neurodegenerationE leading eventually to death. Dementia is one of the most burdensome health conditions worldwide. Rsuffer from dementia each year (one new case every 7 s), process; formation of new synapses might be possible through the activation of remaining healthy neurons [4]. Reconstructing the synaptic formation in the brain could be a one of the powerful strategies in dementia treatment [5]. Reconstruction of neuronal network and synaptogenesis require neurite outgrowth as well as dendritic and axonal maturation steps. Drugs activating these steps could possibly initiate a recovery of brain and 81.1 million people in the world are likely to suffer by the function
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