Abstract
Lumbar paraspinal muscles, intricately connected to lower back motion, exhibit unique designs. Governed by the erector spinae (ES) and multifidus (MF) muscles, situated between the L3 and L4 vertebrae, these muscles play a vital role. Paraspinal muscular disorders leading to back pain can induce atrophy, tension, and postural issues. This study emphasizes the necessity of monitoring muscle fatigue and Cross-Sectional Area (CSA) through electromyography (EMG) and imaging techniques. Our investigation employs EMG and imaging to scrutinize paraspinal muscles, both pre and post-exercise, revealing insights into muscle atrophy attributed to disc herniation, spinal stenosis, and postoperative conditions. This comprehensive review aids researchers in understanding factors influencing muscle fatigue, demonstrating the significance of EMG and imaging modalities in assessing the impact of paraspinal muscular disorders on low back pain and postoperative outcomes.
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