Retracted: Kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) as miracle food with special reference to therapeutic and nutraceuticals perspective.

Abstract

This review focused attention on the therapeutic and nutraceuticals perspective of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) which is considered as “miracle food” in recent years which is belonged to a cruciferous vegetable comprised of leaves and stem. Kale plant is divided particularly into leaves, stem, and roots; especially, stem and leaves are used as a therapeutic and nutraceuticals purpose. These are consumed in both raw and processed forms, the raw/fresh kale leaves are very difficult to eat, these leaves are curly and pretty decorative, and this leafy kale vegetable is spreading in the world sharply due to their healthy composition. Kale is a rich source of nutrients including antioxidants (e.g., beta-carotene, ascorbic acid, and tocopherol), both water-soluble vitamins (WSV) and fat-soluble vitamins (FSV), bioactive compounds, phytochemicals (including lutein, zeaxanthin, and polyphenols), fiber, and both macrominerals and microminerals. Due to wide variety of components, it improved the human health and played a vital role in body growth, and helped in repairing cells (pancreatic beta-cell and abnormal cell growth), and also prevents the various types of major human body-related diseases such as cancer, heart muscles, type-2 diabetes, eyes disease, brain disorder, bone disease, gastrointestinal (GIT)-related disorders, and hypertension. Conclusively, kale has a diversified potential against certain type of maladies due to presence of numerous bioactive compounds.