RETRACTED: Improve the rheological and thermal performances of the antifreeze liquids for cooling the batteries and radiators in automobiles via provide a new hybrid material composed from Carbon Nanotubes in Ethylene Glycol/Propylene Glycol

Abstract

A new antifreeze hybrid nanofluid is developed in the present study. The hydrodynamic and thermal properties of the base fluids, such as water and Ethylene glycol are improved via examining the Nanoparticles. The final achieved nanofluid will be used for the cooling batteries; however, it might be applied for similar mechanical/ electrical systems such as through the radiators. The Carbon nanotubes are examined as dispersed nanoparticles. At first, an experimental part of producing the new mixture involving homogenizing and predicting the thermo-physical properties is presented. The numerical section will be reported regarding the heating/cooling simulations for the batteries. The proposed nanofluid in battery cooling systems dropped the battery temperature in different conditions. To investigate the effects of nanofluids, the energy equation was solved along with the energy source term arising from electrochemical reactions and ohmic losses. The temperature distribution inside the battery indicated a reduction in the maximum battery temperature when CNT nanoparticles were loaded. At a 50% state of discharge, the average battery temperature was 5.8°C lower when nanoparticles were CNT was loaded into EG + W. As the amount of state of discharge increased, the effect of the CNT presence intensified so that at a level of 95%, the temperature dropped by 6.9°C.