RETRACTED: Ethical issues in surgical treatment and research

Abstract

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief and Author. Please see http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy . Reason: There are problems with this monograph. Multiple passages from the sections entitled, “Ethics and End-of-Life Issues” (pp. 357–379) and “Ethics and Research in Surgery” (pp. 379–398), authored by Rene Lafreniere were taken from the following sources without appropriate attribution given the original authors: (1) Jonsen AR, Siegler M, Winslade WD. Clinical ethics: a practical approach to ethical decisions in clinical medicine. New York: McGraw Hill, 1992. (2) Troidl H, McKneally MF, Towards a definition of clinical research, In: Troidl H, McKeally MF, Mulder DS, Wechsler AS, McPeek B, Spitzer WO, editors. Surgical Research, Basic Principles and Clinical Practice, 3rd Edition, New York: Springer-Verlag; 1998, pp. 3–7. (3) Macklin R. The ethical problems with sham surgery in clinical research. New Eng J Med 1999; 341: 992–996). (4) Medical Futility in End-of-Life Care: Report of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association. JAMA. 1999; 281:937–941. (5) Younger SJ and Shuck JM, Advanced directives and determination of death, in Surgical Ethics. Eds. McCollough LB, Jones JW and Brody BA. 1st Edition. New York, Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 57–77. (6) Frader JE and Caniano DA, Research and Innovation in Surgery, in Surgical Ethics, Eds. McCollough LB, Jones JW and Brody BA. 1st Edition. New York, Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 216–241. (7) Margo CE, Towards an Operational Definition of Human Research. J Med Ethics. 2001; 27: 40–43 This monograph is thus retracted with apologies to the authors of the unattributed works. Sincerely, Peter Angelos, MD, PhD; Rene Lafreniere, MD; Timothy F. Murphy, PhD; Wayne Rosen, MD; November 15, 2006