RETRACTED: Enhanced grain refinement and microhardness of Ti–Al–V alloy by electropulsing ultrasonic shock

Abstract

This article has been retracted at the request of < This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal ( http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy ). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Figure 2 duplicates Figure 8 and Figure 3 duplicates Figure 9 of the paper published by the authors in the Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 40 (2014) 287–296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.08.022 . One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents an abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process. Journal records indicate that confirmation of the submission and publication of the article was sent to the first author's email address and the individual listed as the corresponding author did not receive any correspondence from the journal throughout the submission process. >.