Abstract

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor following concerns raised by a reader. Figure 1F is composed of copies of the same set of nine particles of various orientations. Also the article uses an electron micrograph in Figure 2A which represents a different part of the same image shown in Figure 3B from the paper published by the authors in “Biosensors and Bioelectronics” 86 (2016) 818–826 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.084 while claiming to represent an entirely different type of nanomaterial. The bottom of Figure 2A corresponds to the top of Figure 3B. The explanation provided by the corresponding author for this similarity was considered not satisfactory by the Editor. These problems with the data cast doubt on all the data, and accordingly also the conclusions based on that data, in this publication. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.

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