RETRACTED: Bioconvection of nanofluid flow in a thin moving needle in the presence of activation energy with surface temperature boundary conditions

Abstract

A comparative analysis is formed to analyze the combined effects of a binary chemical reaction and activation energy in the flow of bio-nanofluid due to the thin moving needle using the mathematical nanofluid model offered by Buongiorno with different boundary conditions namely, Newtonian heating and prescribed surface temperature. The governing partial differential equations converted into a set of final controlled governing physical flow equations by using similarity variables and then solved numerically by Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method along with shooting technique and analytically by differential transform method. The results gained for the dimensionless velocity, temperature, concentration, motile diffusivity number, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are presented through graphs and tables. The present study reveals that an enhancement in the pertinent parameters has considerably altered the physical characteristics of the flow and heat transfer, which applies in biosensors and biomedical instrumentation. Also, the rate of heat transfer from the needle to the fluid is controlled by applying Newtonian heating than by applying prescribed surface temperature against all the parameters. In addition, we carried out the statistical analysis to determine the dependence of the physical parameter on the rate of heat transfer for both cases of heating process.