RETRACTED ARTICLE: Trust aware similarity-based source routing to ensure effective communication using game-theoretic approach in VANETs

Abstract

In VANETs, vehicles need to rely on other vehicles for any real-time applications. Therefore the cooperation of vehicles is needed for relaying the messages in successful manner. Most often this is not possible since there is a possibility for some vehicle to act selfishly and thereby they fail to forward messages. Moreover, during the routing process, the prior information about the neighbours will help in the selection of best data forwarding nodes. In this paper, we have proposed Similarity-based Trustworthy Routing algorithm which incorporates social features for performing trustworthy routing by choosing the best forwarder. To further improve the updating process of trust value, we have incorporated two basic approaches, one based on direct Acknowledgment during Encounter Strategy (AES) and the other one based on Game-theoretic Broadcasting Strategy (GTBS). The adaption of AES and GTBS enhances the security of the data traffic in VANETs by intelligently identifying the malicious nodes. This work identifies and overcomes the vulnerabilities of different kind of attacks with minimum overhead in terms of transmission. Moreover, the solutions provide significant performance improvement in terms of packet delivery ratio even in the presence of misbehaving nodes. Our results show, how our methods outperform others, by comparing with other existing approaches like dLife and Epidemic Routing protocols.