Abstract
The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated diclofenac (release-active dilutions of diclofenac (RAD of diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups (n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced (p < 0.05 at least) paw edema at all time points. RAD of diclofenac enhanced (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory effect of diclofenac (5 mg/kg) at 2, 4, and 6 h on concurrent and at 2 and 4 h on sequential administration. Moreover at 2 h, anti-inflammatory effect of combination treatment reached values comparable to those of diclofenac (20 mg/kg). In conclusion, RAD of diclofenac enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of diclofenac.
Highlights
Diclofenac belongs to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory class of drugs (NSAIDS) and it is the most well-known NSAID globally [1]
We investigated the antiinflammatory activity of releaseactive dilutions (RAD) of diclofenac alone or in combination with diclofenac using carrageenan-induced paw edema test according to the modified method of Winter et al [18]
Subcutaneous injection of carrageenan in rats led to a time-dependent gradual enhancement of paw volume with
Summary
Diclofenac belongs to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory class of drugs (NSAIDS) and it is the most well-known NSAID globally [1]. Many attempts were made to develop an approach of combining diclofenac with different agents which could increase sensitivity to diclofenac and decrease its dose [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11] One such approach might consist in using releaseactive therapeutics with their effect mediated by processed ultradilutions of the starting substance [12]. Modifying effects of RAD were discovered in 1996 when it was established that combined application of prednisolone in therapeutic doses and its RAD to experimental animals alleviated toxic side effects and tended to enhance its anti-inflammatory activity [15]. RAD of haloperidol served to reduce significantly cataleptogenic side effect of haloperidol
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