RETRACTED ARTICLE: Feudal Economy and Rural Settlement of Oultrejourdain and Their Impact on Muslim Farmers under the Rule of the Crusaders (1099–1189)

Abstract

Statement of Retraction We, the Editors and Publishers of Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, have retracted the following article: Maen Omoush, Feudal Economy and Rural Settlement of Oultrejourdain and Their Impact on Muslim Farmers under the Rule of the Crusaders 1099 1189, Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, 30.1 (2019) 43–67, 10.1080/09596410.2018.1530886 The article presents a significant amount of similarity with Micaela Sinibaldi, (2014). “Settlement in Crusader Transjordan (1100–1189): a Historical and Archaeological Study”, PhD Thesis, Doctor of Philosophy in Archaeology, Cardiff University. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.