RETRACTED ARTICLE: Experimental evaluation on the tribological properties of cassia tora oil by the addition of copper nanoparticles

Abstract

We, the Editors and Publishers of the International Journal of Ambient Energy have retracted the following article: Yashvir Singh, Deepak Vyas, Naveen Kumar, Pankaj Mohan Rastogi, Abhishek Sharma & Amneesh Singla (2019) Experimental evaluation on the tribological properties of cassia tora oil by the addition of copper nanoparticles, International Journal of Ambient Energy, doi:10.1080/01430750.2018.1563821 This article has been retracted due to image duplication. An investigation was conducted, and SEM panels in Figure 11 were found to be published in three other articles. What the SEM panels are said to represent varies by article and the authors have not been able to provide the original images. Thus, the conclusions of the present article cannot be verified. The three other articles containing SEM panels from Figure 11 include: Singh et al. (2019) Effect of alumina nanoparticles as additive on the friction and wear behavior of polanga-based lubricant, SN Applied Sciences, doi:10.1007/s42452-019-0288-8 (see figure panels 8(a) and 8(d), which are identical to panels 11(a) and 11(b) of the retracted article, respectively) Rajubhai et al. (2020) Friction and wear behavior of Al-7% Si alloy pin under pongamia oil with copper nanoparticles as additives, Materials Today: PROCEEDINGS. 25;4, DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.149 (see figure panels 5(a) and 5(d), which are identical to panels 11(a) and 11(b) of the retracted article, respectively) Suthar et al. (2020), Experimental evaluation of the friction and wear of jojoba oil with aluminum oxide (Al203) nanoparticles as an additive, Materials today: PROCEEDINGS. 25;4, doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.150 (see figure panel 6(a), which is identical to panel 11(a) of the retracted article) The authors do not agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.