RETRACTED ARTCILE: Advertisement valid time triggered firefly and fruit-fly inspired approach for efficient cluster formation and standby CH selection in hierarchical wireless sensor network

Abstract

A major concern in wireless sensor network (WSN) is energy efficiency as they utilize small sized batteries, which can neither be replaced nor be recharged. Hence, there are many research efforts in designing energy efficient hierarchical clustering model. Most of the hierarchical models have created improper clusters which induces increased communication overhead and quick depletion of energy in the network. In this paper, advertisement valid time triggered firefly and fruit-fly based bio-inspired algorithm is adapted in WSN for the efficient cluster formation and electing stand by CH to avoid unnecessary reelection process, respectively. These bio-inspired computational approaches ensure the formation of energy efficient hierarchical networking model. The firefly and fruit-fly based energy efficient routing protocol are implemented using the J-Sim tool and the effectiveness of algorithms are analyzed using the result parameters Viz. reelection, data delivery ratio, network lifetime and delay. Further, the results are compared with other variant Hierarchical routing approaches such as LEACH-FA, GA-ABC, and GWO. Our results demonstrate clear superiority of FA and FFA based clustering against other variant approaches.