Abstract
In 1856 Jaeger1described hemorrhages associated with yellowish, round and oval areas in the retina of a diabetic patient. These findings were confirmed and described as typical of diabetic retinitis. In 1891 Hirschberg2summarized an exhaustive study of this disease and distinguished three different types : A characteristic involvement of the posterior pole of the retina with small, light, silvery areas and tiny hemorrhagic spots (retinitis centralis punctata diabetica). Hemorrhages in the retina with secondary inflammatory changes (retinitis haemorrhagica diabetica). Rare types of retinal changes which probably were not directly caused by diabetes. In all these types the optic nerve was normal and a macular star figure was absent. This classification was generally recognized as correct, and Leber3had little to add in his standard work on diseases of the retina. It was, therefore, revolutionary when Volhard4in 1921 stated that he never saw a patient with
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