Abstract
AbstractDrug‐induced retinal vasculopathies constitute a group of rare disorders, most often produced by quinine, aminoglycosides, hormone preparations, and interferon. IFN‐ associated retinopathy includes cotton wool spots, retinal hemorrhages and retinal micro aneurysms. Aminoglycosides were often used subconjunctivally after different ocular surgeries as a postoperative prevention of endophthalmitis and intravitreally as a method of endophthalmitis treatment. Both clinical and animal studies have shown vascular changes, including whitening of the retina, retinal hemorrhages, multiple areas of vascular leakage and macular infarction. Although the true pathogenesis remains unknown, the clinical presentation of capillary nonperfusion has suggested a primarily vascular mechanism. The mechanism of quinine‐induced retinal toxicity, although still not well understood, includes probably ischemic/ occlusive type of events occurring in the posterior retinal circulation with relative sparing of choroidal circulation. Hormone‐related retinopathy, mainly due to oral contraceptives, include among others retinal hemorrhage or emboli, macular edema, and papillary edema.
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