Abstract
As the lithography design rule of IC manufacturing industry migrates into sub-130nm nodes, low k<sub>1</sub> factor prevails, the mask error enhancement factor (MEEF) increases. Low k<sub>1</sub> processing calls for aggressive sub-resolution assist features and the use of attenuated phase shift masks (AttPSMs). The aggressive OPC features pose challenges to reticle inspection due to high false detection, which is time-consuming for defect classification and impacts the throughput of mask manufacturing. Moreover, the high transmission of the shifter material of 193 nm AttPSM also challenges the UV-based reticle inspection tools with high nuisance counts due to undesirable optical diffraction effects. For a given reticle inspection tool, it is necessary to calibrate the system contrast between the clear and opaque regions (quartz/chrome or quartz/MoSi) of the reticles. In this study, we present the influences of various calibration conditions on sensitivity, false and nuisance detection of reticle inspections. Both the STARlight contamination inspections and the die-to-die pattern inspections were carried out using the KLA-Tencor TeraStar inspection tools with production masks and programmed defect test masks including binary intensity masks (BIMs) and AttPSMs. Successful applications with low false detection and adapted sensitivity will be illustrated in terms of optimizing the calibration setup.
Published Version
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