Abstract
Rethinking the Role of Oncogenes in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Initiation
Highlights
Thyroid cancer originating from follicular epithelial cells accounts for approximately 1% of all new case of cancer each year and its incidence has increased significantly over the last two decades (Hodgson et al, 2004; Davies and Welch, 2006)
RET/Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a chimeric gene generated by the fusion of the tyrosine kinase domain of the rearranged during transfection gene (RET) to the 5′terminal region of genes that are constitutively expressed in thyroid follicular cells (Pierotti et al, 1992; Santoro et al, 1992, 2006; Nikiforov, 2002)
The higher frequency of PTC observed in the population exposed to the Chernobyl accident supports a role for the external radiations in the chromosome rearrangements observed in this tumor (Nikiforov, 2006)
Summary
Thyroid cancer originating from follicular epithelial cells accounts for approximately 1% of all new case of cancer each year and its incidence has increased significantly over the last two decades (Hodgson et al, 2004; Davies and Welch, 2006). Specific genetic alterations are associated to this thyroid tumor histotype: RET/PTC and TRK rearrangements and BRAF and RAS mutations. RET/PTC is a chimeric gene generated by the fusion of the tyrosine kinase domain of the rearranged during transfection gene (RET) to the 5′terminal region of genes that are constitutively expressed in thyroid follicular cells (Pierotti et al, 1992; Santoro et al, 1992, 2006; Nikiforov, 2002).
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