Abstract
In public management, it is common to face conflicting objectives, particularly in relation to land use. Adequate land use management requires a valuation of land that incorporates the value of all its characteristics. That is, in addition to the traditional direct use value, it must incorporate the non-use value (existence and legacy), as well as the indirect use and option values. The analytic hierarchy process is used, firstly, to identify the priority values based on a panel of experts, and secondly, in assessment of use/non-use values, using market valuation techniques as support. As a result, we analyse the trade-offs among all values, and the respondent’s consistency. At first, we observed that the soil with the highest protection had the lowest market value in terms of direct use. However, considering the weights of the panel of experts, we can conclude that the market value only represents 7.6% of the total value. Non-market values represent 92.4% of the total value. The underlying aim is to facilitate decision-making in the field of land management to increase social welfare and the resilience of landscapes.
Highlights
This study provides a contribution in relation to governance challenges and strategies for reconciling landscape resilience with trade and development
Economic valuation of an environmental asset is a reference to the well-being it provides to society, since it is in monetary terms that we usually express our preferences when acquiring a good or service in the market, depending on the utility it provides or the need to be satisfied [94]
The total economic value of an environmental asset consists of its direct use value, indirect use value, its option or quasi-option value, existence value, and legacy value, which are defined in the survey used (Appendix A)
Summary
This study provides a contribution in relation to governance challenges and strategies for reconciling landscape resilience with trade and development. One of the major issues in the literature refers to the environmental services assessment, which involves how to reconcile environmental services and socio-economic needs, especially from people who live in a protected natural area. Protected areas as an applied tool for biodiversity conservation, environmental goods and services which cannot be traded explicitly in the market because of social welfare, specific methods of valuation, and institutional frameworks should be considered jointly to achieve environmental sustainability [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Traditional methods used to assess the soil as urban or rural only take into account socioeconomic factors, or the market value of goods and services obtained from the productive process, without considering the value of the positive externalities generated by the natural ecosystems associated with the soil being valued. In Spain, this type of valuation is regulated by Royal
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