Abstract
Mining activity is essential for the social welfare of the population. However, this activity produces a series of mining waste. These mining wastes, if not properly treated, can produce significant environmental pollution. This study develops the incorporation of tailings from washing plants in ceramic materials for bricks in order to retain the contaminating elements in the ceramic matrix. To this end, firstly, a physical and chemical characterisation of the mining waste is carried out and different groups of samples are conformed with clay and mining waste. These conformed samples with mining waste are evaluated through different physical and mechanical tests typical in the ceramic industry, studying the variation of properties by the incorporation of the waste. In turn, the leachates from the groups of conformed samples are analyzed, confirming the retention of the contaminating elements of the mining waste in the ceramic matrix. The results of these tests showed that ceramics can be made for bricks with up to 90% mining waste, obtaining physical and mechanical properties acceptable regarding the regulations and retaining the contaminating elements in the ceramic matrix, as confirmed by the leachate tests.
Highlights
The mining sector is essential for the development, economy, and well-being of the population, since all the materials we currently use derive or have derived of these
The materials used in the present study are essentially clay and mining waste coming from mine washing plant tailings
One of the main objectives of this study was the retention of those contaminating elements that are present in the mining waste from tailings from mining washing plants
Summary
The mining sector is essential for the development, economy, and well-being of the population, since all the materials we currently use derive or have derived of these. It is important to note that it is one of the sectors that causes the most pollution and environmental impact. There are currently stricter environmental regulations than in previous times and that, in some cases, makes the extraction of useful minerals for the industry unviable. An integral study cycle particularized for each mine, in which the waste produced is observed on the basis of the defined extraction methods what are the wastes produced, the production processes are optimized and these wastes are analyzed as new raw materials for other industrial processes. Always with the unquestionable adequacy of the land once the mining operations have been completed
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