Resveratrol supplementation improves endothelial function in chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) associates with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), in part, due to lower endothelial function. Thus, interventions that increase endothelial function could mitigate CVD in CKD. Resveratrol is a polyphenol that improves endothelial function in obese and aging adults. Whether resveratrol supplementation increases endothelial function in patients with CKD is unknown. Our objective was to test the effects of resveratrol supplementation on endothelial function in CKD. We hypothesized that resveratrol supplementation would increase endothelial function in patients with CKD. Methods: 25 adults with stage 3 CKD and type 2 diabetes were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to investigate the effects of 6-week resveratrol supplementation (400 mg/day) on endothelial function. Endothelial function was assessed via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BA-FMD). Vascular smooth muscle reactivity was determined from nitroglycerin-mediated dilation. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum cystatin C using the CKD-EPI formula. A mixed effects generalized linear model was used to evaluate differences in treatment arms over time. Results: The median age of the subjects was 70 (67, 74) years and 86% of the patients were male. The mean (SD) GFR and hemoglobin A1c were 42(9) ml/min/1.73m2 and 7.36(0.77)%, respectively. Within-group comparisons revealed BA-FMD increased by 0.91% after resveratrol supplementation (p=0.002), but not placebo (p=0.44), and between-group comparisons indicate resveratrol increased BA-FMD greater than placebo (p=0.001). Nitroglycerin mediated dilation was unchanged after both resveratrol supplementation and placebo (p>0.05). GFR, hemoglobin A1c and blood pressure were unchanged following resveratrol supplementation suggesting that other mechanisms may underlie resveratrol-mediated benefits on endothelial function in this study. Conclusion: Resveratrol supplementation increases endothelial function in patients with CKD. Larger clinical trials for longer duration are needed to confirm our findings and to evaluate the mechanisms by which resveratrol improves endothelial function in CKD. Funding: This study was supported by the Renal Hypertension Training Grant (NIH NRSA T32 award) and Dr. Jalal's grant R01HL134738-01A1. Colin Gimblet is supported by the American Heart Association predoctoral fellowship grant (23PRE1012593). This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.