Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) reduces growth performance and damage intestinal function, and resveratrol (RES) has positive effects on growth performance and intestinal function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanism of RES in vitro and vivo challenged with DON. The results showed that dietary supplementation with DON significantly increase the mRNA expression levels of mitophagy- related genes, and protein level for PINK1, Parkin, Beclin-1, Lamp, Atg5, Map1lc, Bnip3, Fundc1, Bcl2l1 and SQSTMS1 (P < 0.05), while supplementation with both RES and DON decreased those indexes in the ileum. Besides DON significantly decreased protein level for Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, Cytochrome c, MFN1, OPA1, and PHB1 (P < 0.05), while supplementation with both RES and DON increased protein level for PHB1, SDHA, and VDAC in the ileum. Moreover, in vitro, we found that DON significantly decreased mitochondrial respiration (P < 0.05), while RES + DON increased the rate of spare respiratory capacity. Also, DON significantly decreased total NAD and ATP (P < 0.05), while RES + DON increased the total NAD and ATP. These results indicate that RES may ameliorates the intestinal damage challenged with deoxynivalenol through mitophagy in weaning piglets.
Highlights
Deoxynivalenol (DON) or vomiting toxin, is the most common trichothecenes toxin produced by Fusarium, which mainly contaminates cereal crops [1]
To determine the molecular mechanism of RES on DON-fed piglets, we analyzed the mRNA expressions of mitophagy-related genes in the ileum and jejunum of weaning piglets (Figure 1)
It has been reported that RES, as an effective antioxidant, can significantly increase cellular antioxidant enzyme activity, reduce intracellular ROS content, and decrease oxidative stress in intestinal epithelial cells, indicating that RES can be used as an effective feed additive to prevent intestinal damage in livestock production [16]
Summary
Deoxynivalenol (DON) or vomiting toxin, is the most common trichothecenes toxin produced by Fusarium, which mainly contaminates cereal crops [1]. DON could reduce animal feed intake, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, and anorexia, even death. Different animals have different sensitivity to DON. Pigs are the most sensitive animals among monogastric animals and ruminants [2,3,4,5]. Recent study has shown that DON could reduce the growth performance of pigs, affect immune system, antioxidant system, cell signal transduction, gene expression and protein synthesis of livestock [6]. Our previous studies have found that DON decreased the growth performance
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