Abstract
The paper presents results of theoretical and experimental researches of anomalously low friction from the standpoint of thermodynamics of non-equilibrium processes occurring under conditions of elastic interaction of microrelief of tribosystem elements. The search of theoretical prerequisites for the transfer of external friction from the normal mode to “abnormally low friction mode” is a timely and urgent task which this article addressed to. The conditions for achieving of the abnormally low friction and wear are the creation of the most favorable conditions for microcontact quasi-elastic interaction arising at the microrelief level. The rheological and structural conditions for the transformation of the external input energy by the contact interaction of the roughness of the surface layer of tribosystems are presented. Research have shown that the rheological properties of the surface layer are the main reason for the transition of tribosystems to abnormally low friction and wear mode. The analysis of the contact interaction of the roughnesses by the model of solid body in the form of interatomic bonds made possible to estimate the elastic energy which is released during the destruction of the bonds due to the coupling of the microroughnesses. The evaluation of the interaction as a Markov process with two bilateral states (decay and recovery) made possible to obtain a mathematical dependence of the generalized component of the impulse of force on the contact spot in the coupling state and the parameter of the distribution of contact spots by the modulus of canonical distribution of contact energy on the contact line.
Highlights
Recent advances in structural and energy and the molecular-mechanical theories of friction and wear allow us to consider tribosystem as a generator that converts mechanical energy into heat [1, 2]
The results of calorimetric tests show that above 95% energy input to tribosystem is converted into heat, and about 5% is accumulated in the surface layer and further provides the structural transformation, and partly is dissipated through fracture channel that is accompanied by acoustic, electromagnetic and other kinds of radiation [1, 3, 4]
Analysis of the results revealed that transition of the tribosystem operation in the mode of anomalous low friction and wear had quite good repeatability
Summary
Recent advances in structural and energy and the molecular-mechanical theories of friction and wear allow us to consider tribosystem as a generator that converts mechanical energy into heat [1, 2]. The results of calorimetric tests show that above 95% energy input to tribosystem is converted into heat, and about 5% is accumulated in the surface layer and further provides the structural transformation, and partly is dissipated through fracture channel that is accompanied by acoustic, electromagnetic and other kinds of radiation [1, 3, 4]. The first-there is achieved reduction of the part of energy spent on destruction of the surface layer by improving the lubrication, structures of materials, application of various kinds of wear-resistant coatings [1]. The secondimproving of contact interaction conditions, reduction of friction coefficient and, decrease in absolute value of external energy input to the tribosystem [5, 6]
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