RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE CULTURE OF THE NUTRITION OF THE CITIZENS OF DAGESTAN IN THE LATEST TIME (THE SECOND HALF OF THE EIGHTIES OF THE XX CENTURY - THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD)

Abstract

The article traces the processes of transforming the food culture of the peoples of Dagestan into the so-called perestroika years and in the post-Soviet period. Under the culture of nutrition is understood a set of phenomena in the life of a person that are associated with food and nutrition (food intake) - sets of food products, ways of processing them, cooking techniques and culinary products, recipes, traditions of food preferences or food restrictions and prohibitions, Forms of organization of meals, table etiquette and rituals. A special kind of food culture is the food of the urban population. The food of the townspeople differs from that of the rural population, where traditional components predominate. According to the author, globalization has had a major impact on the culture of Dagestani citizens. The greatest influence on the food culture of Dagestanis in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet times was provided by Azerbaijani and Russian cuisines. Especially big changes in the culture of nutrition of the townspeople of Dagestan have occurred since the second half of the 80-s. XX century. They were connected with socio-political events in the USSR, the influence of the global and Russian urbanized culture. In the opinion of the author, the dishes of Russian and European cuisine, in which there are separate elements of traditional Dagestan cuisine, are manifested in food of calendar and religious holidays, wedding celebrations, guests' reception and daily meals constitute the basis of the diet of Dagestan's citizens in recent times. The influence of Azerbaijani cuisine is more felt in the culture of eating of the townspeople of the cities of Derbent and the Dagestan Ogni and to a lesser extent in other cities of Dagestan. In connection with the ethnocultural interactions and mutual influences, the processes of globalization, in recent times, there has been a trend towards the internationalization of the diet of Dagestan's citizens.