Results of the study of pear varieties of Yekaterinburg breeding

Abstract

Seven new varieties of pear were studied under the conditions of the Sverdlovsk horticultural breeding station (Yekaterinburg). Talisa and Berezhenaya are standard varieties. For the observation period (2007-2021), the average sum of active temperatures was 20660C (1723-2438 °C); active vegetation period 128 days (110-147 days); average annual temperature +3.0 °С. A good taste of fruits (with a score of 4.0-4.2 points) is in varieties Talisa (st), Fleyta, Berezhenaya (st), Rozovyy bochonok, Tais, Limonadnaya. At the age of 13-16 years, the Tais variety had a high yield (19.8 t/ha). The yield at the control level was in the varieties Fleyta, Kolokolchik, Rozovyy bochonok, Ostrovityanka II (7.2-11.1 t/ha). A group of varieties with tall trees has been identified: Talitsa (st), Tais, Rozovyy bochonok, Maksimka (5.1-5.5 m). The group of varieties with medium-sized trees includes Fleyta, Berezhnaya (st), Limonadnaya, Ostrovityanka II (4.2-4.6 m). Varieties with a compact crown are Rozovyy bochonok and Limonadnaya (diameter 2.3-2.4 m); a variety with a spreading crown is Tais (diameter 3.7 m). The crown diameter of other varieties is 2.8-3.2 m. According to the complex of economically valuable traits, six varieties were identified for use in breeding in the Sverdlovsk horticultural breeding station. These are the varieties Fleyta (yield, fruit quality), Limonadnaya (early maturity, fruit quality, resistance to Monilia sp.), Tais (early maturity, yield, fruit quality, resistance to Monilia sp.), Berezhnaya (st), Rozovyy bochonok and Ostrovityanka II (yield, fruit quality, resistance to Monilia sp., fruit storage suitability). The new varieties of pear Tais and Rozovyy bochonok be recommended for inclusion in the State Register for the fourth region.