Results of testing of promising potato hybrids in the conditions of the Central region of the non-chernozem zone of Russia

Abstract

The aim of the work was to study 10 potato hybrids of the joint selection of the Russian Potato Research Center and the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops in terms of yield, marketability, starch content and taste to determine the adaptive potential in the conditions of the Central Region of Russia. The studies were conducted in 2017-2019 in the breeding nursery of the main test on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil in the conditions of the Central Region. The highest yield of 42.1 - 52.0 t/ha was characterized by hybrids of the middle-early maturity group. However, this group also had the highest coefficient of variation for the studied trait, 26.8-31.6%, which indicates an unstable yield of hybrids of this group of ripeness in the studied years. The yield of the middle-late maturity group hybrids was 29.2-45.0 t/ha with the lowest coefficient of variation of 1.9 - 4.4% in the BP808 x 88.34/14 and Prince x Russian Souvenir hybrids, respectively. This indicates a slight variation in the yield of the studied hybrids. The greatest number of tubers 10.6 - 12.3 pcs./bush was observed in hybrids of the middle-early group of ripeness Inessa x 2651-8. In the middle-maturing group, the maximum number of tubers under the bush of 14.8-16.8 pcs./bush was observed in the hybrid 2387-26 x Aurora. The marketability of tubers in general in most hybrids was in the range of 87.7-96.9%, the coefficient of variation was low 0.1 - 3.8%, which indicates a stable marketability in the studied years. The average weight of a commercial tuber of hybrids varied in the range of 83.5 - 109.2 g. The starch content in most of the studied hybrids was within the average values and amounted to 13.9-17.7%. For three years, the percentage of starch content in all hybrids was stable, which is explained by a low coefficient of variation of 0.6 - 5.9%. The taste qualities of the hybrids were good and varied within 4.4 - 4.7 points with a low coefficient of variation (2.1-4.5%).