Abstract
The analysis of scientific publications over the past ten years in the line of creating gas ICEs in Ukraine, operating on natural gas, biogas or similar low-calorie fuels has been carried out. The objectives of the work are to summarize the results of studies on the use of model gas in a gas internal combustion engine operating as a power plant drive, to develop recommendations on biogas additives to natural gas depending on the power plant load, and to develop a fuel supply control algorithm. It is possible to simplify labor intensity of experimental work with the help of model gas - a mixture of natural and carbon dioxide. The article provides recommendations on setting up the power system and automatic regulation of a gas engine running on a mixture of natural gas (methane) and biogas. To solve the tasks, research was carried out on a gas-electric plant with a rated capacity of 30 kW. The unit was originally equipped with a spark-ignited 8-cylinder petrol engine and an electric generator. The base ICE was converted to pure gas engine with a compression ratio of 8.5. In the physical modeling of biogas to natural gas additives in the model gas, the volume fraction of carbon dioxide was increased to 30 % depending on the external load. By calculation, we determined a similar ratio of compressed natural gas and biogas additives. For the calculation, it was assumed that compressed natural gas contains 90...95 % of methane, and biogas 60 % of methane and 40% of carbon dioxide. The possibility of using biogas with 60 % methane as an additive to natural gas in piston ICEs with spark ignition has been confirmed. It was found that with a decrease in load, the share of biogas can increase and replace up to 85% of natural gas. When working on biogas additives, the values of the concentrations of hydrocarbons and residual oxygen in the exhaust gases were determined to control the setting of the gas equipment of the internal combustion engine. Under operating conditions, three test modes have been selected for the power plant: idle, 50 % load, rated mode. The research results can serve as the basis for creating a control algorithm for the supply of biogas additives to natural gas, depending on load changes.
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