Abstract
A review of simulation results, devoted to time-dependent modeling of the initial stage of the formation of large-scale vortices in the troposphere in the vicinity of the intertropical convergence zone, is presented. The simulation results were obtained not long ago with the help of the mathematical model of the neutral wind system of the lower atmosphere, developed earlier in the Polar Geophysical Institute. The utilized mathematical model produces three-dimensional distributions of the atmospheric parameters in the height range from 0 to 15 km over a limited region of the Earth’s surface. Simulation results were obtained for the case when the limited three-dimensional simulation domain, situated at low latitudes, is intersected by an intertropical convergence zone in the west-east direction. The reviewed simulation results were obtained for various initial configurations of the intertropical convergence zone. Results of numerical modeling have indicated that the origin of convexities in the form of the intertropical convergence zone can lead to the formation of different large-scale vortices in the lower atmosphere, in particular, a tropical cyclone, pair of cyclonic vortices, pair of cyclonic-anticyclonic vortexes, and triplet of cyclonic vortices. The simulation results, obtained earlier and presented individually in various editions, are reviewed and summarized in the present paper. A physical mechanism, responsible for the formation of the simulated large-scale vortices in the vicinity of the intertropical convergence zone, is discussed.
Highlights
IntroductionPrediction of tropical cyclone formation is a very important task
The reviewed simulation results were obtained for various initial configurations of the intertropical convergence zone
Results of numerical modeling have indicated that the origin of convexities in the form of the intertropical convergence zone can lead to the formation of different large-scale vortices in the lower atmosphere, in particular, a tropical cyclone, pair of cyclonic vortices, pair of cyclonic-anticyclonic vortexes, and triplet of cyclonic vortices
Summary
Prediction of tropical cyclone formation is a very important task. A physical theory of tropical cyclone origin is still far from completion. To understand the physical mechanisms responsible for the initial formation of tropical cyclones, detailed three-dimensional fields of thermodynamical and gas dynamical parameters of the lower atmosphere can’t be measured with sufficient accuracy with the help of modern scientific facility. To investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for the initial formation of tropical cyclones, the theoretical and experimental and computational studies may be applied. Many of the details of the initial stage of the origin of tropical cyclones are still unresolved
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