Results of Laboratory Control of Brucellosis and Leptospirosis of Animals in Russia

Abstract

AbstractThis paper presents the generalized results of laboratory studies on brucellosis and leptospirosis in animals for 2018–2020 in order to study the epizootic situation and identify the main causes of outbreaks of the above diseases in the Russian Federation. The source of the data is the materials of annual reports submitted by the state veterinary laboratories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Central Scientific and Methodical Veterinary Laboratory”. In Russia, new epizootic foci for brucellosis and leptospirosis of animals are revealed annually, and restrictive measures are set down. In 2020, 430 new unfavorable points were registered for brucellosis in cattle, 32 - for brucellosis of small cattle; for leptospirosis of cattle - 118, horses - 37, pigs - 13, small cattle - 3, dogs - 7. Laboratory diagnostics of brucellosis and leptospirosis of animals was carried out using bacteriological, serological and molecular genetic methods (microscopy, inoculation in nutrient media, biological test version, SAT, CFT, Long CFT, RBPT, AGI test, ELISA, IHT, milk RT, MAT, PCR). The main causes of epizootic outbreaks of brucellosis and leptospirosis in animals are: incomplete and untimely identification of sick animals; violation of the deadline for slaughtering animals that respond positively to brucellosis and leptospirosis; non-compliance by business entities with the require-ments of the Veterinary Rules; concealment by animal owners of the true number of livestock from the veterinary service, which does not allow to cover all animals with specific vaccinations and diagnostic tests.KeywordsBrucellaLeptospiraAnimalsSamplesLaboratory testsEpizootic situationRussian Federation