Results of Kidney Transplantation with Controlled Cardiac Death Donors Older Than 70 Years

Abstract

The persistent shortage of optimal kidney donors and the progressive increase in patients on the waiting list has led to an expansion of organ acceptance criteria, such as controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) donors, as well as an expansion of criteria for accepting these organs (age, comorbidities, etc). However, there are some concerns and doubts about the survival outcomes achieved with these allografts. A retrospective observational single-center study including all kidney transplants (KTs) from donors ≥70 years old using cDCD and donation after brain death (DBD) performed from January 2017 to December 2022. A comparative analysis was conducted between the 2 groups regarding clinical characteristics, medium and short-term clinical outcomes, and patient and graft survival rates. We studied 123 KTs performed with donors ≥70 years old, 81 from DBD, and 42 from cDCD. The median follow-up was 41 months (18-60). The age of the recipients from cDCD was higher (68 vs 65 years; P=.03), without significant differences in associated comorbidities. The age of DBD was significantly higher (73 vs 71; P=.001), and cDCD donors had a higher prevalence of diabetes (16% vs 5%; P=.04); however, there were no significant differences in Kidney Donor Profile Index between the groups. There was a trend toward a higher percentage of Delayed Graft Function in the cDCD group, although renal function was similar between the groups during follow-up. There were also no differences between the percentages of acute rejection. The mean graft survival rate censored for death with a functioning graft at one year (81% for DBD vs 79% for cDCD) and at 3 years (83% for DBD vs 75% for cDCD) was satisfactory (P=.141). The medium-term results of KT with cDCD donors are promising and comparable to those of DBD, allowing for an expansion of the donor pool for selected transplant recipients.