RESULTS OF DESIGN AND THEORETICAL STUDIES OF LV PRESSURIZATION SPRAYERS PARAMETERS

Abstract

The pressurization system of the fuel tanks of launch vehicles is one of the important and critical subsystems of the pneumatic-hydro supply system. The pressurization system is designed to create the necessary pressures in the fuel tanks in order to ensure their required values at the engine inlets (both during launch and during operation in specified modes), as well as to ensure the strength and stability of the tanks during the flight of launch vehicles. These systems determine the configuration and appearance of launch vehicles, their energy characteristics and operating conditions. At the same time, the pressurization system is functionally interconnected with the operation of many other subsystems of the pneumatic-hydraulic supply system (refueling of fuel components, control systems, fuel consumption control systems, units of a liquid-propellant rocket propulsion system, etc.).
 One of the main functional elements of the pressurization system is the atomizer. The atomizer is designed to introduce pressurization gas into the tank in such a way that its speed and direction provide the required pressure and gas temperature distribution in the free volume of the tank, without causing unacceptable heating of the tank structure and fuel component, as well as possible disturbances (vibrations, etc.) .
 On the example of specific launch vehicles on high- and low-boiling fuel components, a generalizing review of the pressurization system sprayers developed in the Yuzhnoye State Design Office (YSDO) was carried out, as a result of which the authors determined and described in detail: their design features, requirements, classification, and the procedure for their development. The possibilities and tools for modeling the parameters of atomizers are shown. The experimental data of some of the developed atomizers are presented. Promising directions for the development of pressurization systems are outlined, which in the future will allow the development of highly efficient systems with optimal parameters.