Abstract
In foreign countries, motor roads and railroads are usually used as borders of forest seed regions. In the case of Mongolia, this method is not suitable in view of the sparse population, large distribution area of forests and the huge territory of the country. Therefore, this study used topographical features to determine the borders of the seed regions. Satellite images in combination with Digital Elevation Model (DEM) make it possible to define rivers, streams and mountain ridges as the borders of forest seed regions. Overall, we identified 19 seed regions for Siberian larch and 12 regions for Scots pine, 9 regions for Siberian pine, 6 regions for Siberian fir and 9 seed regions for Siberian spruce forests. Due to a lack of genetic-selection studies in Mongolia, these proposed forest seed regions can be considered as a preliminary effort with an opportunity to be updated and improved based on more detailed research results. The forest seed regions and maps will play important role as fundamental material for establishing a permanent forest seed supply based on genetic-selection characteristics of the forests in different regions in Mongolia.
Highlights
The forestry sector in Mongolia is rapidly changing, including reforestation and restoration activities which been broadening in all aspects
We aim to identify seed regions for coniferous trees including Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ldb.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.); Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour.), Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ldb.), and Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ldb.)
The basic unit of the seed regions is the forest seed region, which is characterized by similar soil and vegetation characteristics, moisture condition, and index of continent to produce a population with similar genetic materials
Summary
The forestry sector in Mongolia is rapidly changing, including reforestation and restoration activities which been broadening in all aspects. Several previous researches, including Milyutin et al, (1988) produced preliminary forest seed zoning under the framework of Mongolian-Russian Joint Biological Complex Expeditions conducted in 19811990 and they identified 13 seed regions for Siberian larch and 4 seed regions for Scotch pine forests respectively [13]. These studies were notable in terms of their significance in improving the quality of reforestation work, enabling experimental research to use seeds from geographically different regions, and establishing permanent seed stands based on the genetic-selection process in each district [17]. We aim to identify seed regions for coniferous trees including Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ldb.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.); Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour.), Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ldb.), and Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ldb.)
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