Abstract
BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand) is the pollution index of any water sample. One of the main factors influencing the estimation of BOD is the nature of microorganisms used as seeding material. In order to meet the variation in wastewater characteristics, one has to be specific in choosing the biological component that is the seeding material. The present study deals with the estimation of BOD of dairy wastewater using a specific microbial consortium and compares of the results with seeding material (BODSEED). Bacterial strains were isolated from 5 different sources and were screened by the conventional BOD method. The selected microbial seed comprises of Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp. BOD : COD (Chemical oxygen demand) ratio using the formulated seed comes in the range of 0.7-0.8 whereas that using BODSEED comes in the ratio of 0.5-0.6. The ultimate BOD (UBOD) was also performed by exceeding the 3-day dilution BOD test. After 90 days, it has been observed that the ratio of BOD : COD increased in case of selected consortium 7 up to 0.91 in comparison to 0.74 by BODSEED. The results were analyzed statistically by t-test and it was observed that selected consortium was more significant than the BODSEED.
Highlights
Dairy industry is found all over the world, but their manufacturing process varies tremendously [1]
Raw milk contains 3–8 mg/L of ammonia nitrogen [12,13,14] and presence of 50 mg/L of nitrogen in wastewater stream is due to 1% loss of milk [12]
The results revealed that the consortium will able to give 2005 mg/L of Biochemical oxygen demand 5-day (BOD) after 90 days of incubation and BOD reaches to 1635 mg/L with BODSEED (Table 4)
Summary
Dairy industry is found all over the world, but their manufacturing process varies tremendously [1] This sector generates huge volume of wastewater and its pollution is primarily organic [2, 3]. It generates about 0.2–10 liters of effluent per liter of milk processed [4]. Liquid waste in dairy industry presents the following characteristics high organic content, high oils and fats content, high level of nitrogen and phosphorous, dissolved sugar, nutrients, and so forth [5]. Presence of nitrate can cause methemoglobinemia if converted to nitrite [3, 15, 16] and might contaminate groundwater [17]. Nitrite can cause intestinal cancer [18]
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