Abstract
Undertaking effective and prompt action during chemical events is an important measure in preventing the spread of contamination. Studies have shown that despite very high surface activity of nanocrystalline metal oxides, their use does not reduce the fire hazard for hydrocarbon spills and alcohols more effectively than commonly used sorbents during fire rescue operations. Other limitations of specimens containing nanocrystalline oxides have also been proven, such as the maximum absorption similar to commonly used specimens, as well as high costs of conducting the acid neutralization process without increasing the level of safety of operations. Results obtained allowed the determination of proposed principles of effective and economically appropriate application of nanocrystalline metal oxides in rescue units.
Highlights
In the case of chemical incidents a crucial safety requirement is to take appropriate action to prevent the spread of danger as soon as possible
Rescue units designated for rescue and fire-fighting operations that involve hazardous substances represent a small percentage of all fire brigades
calcinated diatomite earth (CDE) is a granulated sorbent based on calcined diatomaceous earth with SiO2 composition—75%, Al2 O3 —10%, Fe2 O3 —7%, TiO2 —1%, MgO—2%, CaO—1%, K2 O + Na2 O—2%
Summary
In the case of chemical incidents a crucial safety requirement is to take appropriate action to prevent the spread of danger as soon as possible This may be done, among other methods, by sealing, collecting, reducing the evaporation of backwaters and minimizing the amount of dangerous vapors that are already airborne. Enabling units to respond effectively, without delay and maintaining the due safety is one of the important elements of the modern approach to chemical rescue problems. This suggests that it is advisable to seek measures that meet the above assumptions. Research carried out in the course of this article has shown quite clearly that this is not an ideal solution, but merely a complementary one
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