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Abstract
The deposition rate is sufficiently studied in the case of single particles or in conditions of low concentrations of suspended matter, in which the precipitating particles do not affect each other. In the article, the method of calculation of the rate of the constrained deposition is offered, comparative calculations of the rate of the free and constrained deposition of particles are executed, the settlement results reflecting essential difference of the speed of the constrained and free deposition of particles are presented. The factors influencing the rate of confined deposition, among which the main one is the concentration of suspended matter in water, are considered. The experimental data confirming the reduction of speed of the constrained deposition of more than 3 times in a five-fold increase in the concentration of suspended solids is given. The dependence of the strained deposition rate of particles on the concentration of the suspension is obtained.
Highlights
The ecological state of water bodies largely depends on the effluent entering them, including from surface runoff
The results obtained for a significant difference in the speed of the constrained and free sedimentation of particles, exceeding the previously made analytical estimates, are confirmed by additional studies of the speed of the constrained sedimentation of fine suspensions at various concentrations varying more than five times
They convincingly indicate that the sedimentation rate of suspensions at a higher initial concentration is significantly lower than the rate of sedimentation of a suspension at a lower initial concentration
Summary
The ecological state of water bodies largely depends on the effluent entering them, including from surface runoff. The process of sedimentation of sediment is an important part of the formation of channel sediments. As a rule, it is carried out in low-flow periods, when flow rates decrease, and the flow cannot transport suspended matter coming from urban areas. Issues related to the deposition of single particles of the correct form are theoretically and experimentally well studied. The flow around and sedimentation of particles of complex and geometrically irregular shape is a significant difficulty in theoretical description and, as a rule, is studied experimentally
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