Abstract
To look for changes in intrinsic functional brain connectivity associated with postoperative changes in cognition, a common complication in seniors undergoing major surgery, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Objective cognitive testing and functional brain imaging were prospectively performed at preoperative baseline and 6 weeks after surgery and at the same time intervals in nonsurgical controls. Academic medical center. Older adults undergoing cardiac surgery (n = 12) and nonsurgical older adult controls with a history of coronary artery disease (n = 12); no participants had cognitive impairment at preoperative baseline (Mini-Mental State Examination score >27). Differences in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and global cognitive change relationships were assessed using a voxel-wise intrinsic connectivity method, controlling for demographic factors and pre- and perioperative cerebral white matter disease volume. Analyses were corrected for multiple comparisons (false discovery rate P < .01). Global cognitive change after cardiac surgery was significantly associated with intrinsic RSFC changes in regions of the posterior cingulate cortex and right superior frontal gyrus-anatomical and functional locations of the brain's default mode network (DMN). No statistically significant relationships were found between global cognitive change and RSFC change in nonsurgical controls. Clinicians have long known that some older adults develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after anesthesia and surgery, yet the neurobiological correlates of POCD are not well defined. The current results suggest that altered RSFC in specific DMN regions is positively correlated with global cognitive change 6 weeks after cardiac surgery, suggesting that DMN activity and connectivity could be important diagnostic markers of POCD or intervention targets for potential POCD treatment efforts.
Highlights
Global cognitive change after cardiac surgery was significantly associated with intrinsic resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) changes in
The current results suggest that altered RSFC in specific default mode network (DMN) regions is positively correlated with global cognitive change 6 weeks after cardiac surgery, suggesting that DMN activity and connectivity could be important diagnostic markers of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) or intervention targets for potential POCD treatment efforts
Postoperative change in global cognitive function is associated with perioperative changes in intrinsic RSFC in DMN-associated posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and precuneus and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) cortical regions (Figure 1)
Summary
To look for changes in intrinsic functional brain connectivity associated with postoperative changes in cognition, a common complication in seniors undergoing major surgery, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN: Objective cognitive testing and functional brain imaging were prospectively performed at preoperative baseline and 6 weeks after surgery and at the same time intervals in nonsurgical controls. PARTICIPANTS: Older adults undergoing cardiac surgery (n = 12) and nonsurgical older adult controls with a history of coronary artery disease (n = 12); no participants had cognitive impairment at preoperative baseline (MiniMental State Examination score >27). MEASUREMENTS: Differences in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and global cognitive change relationships were assessed using a voxel-wise intrinsic connectivity method, controlling for demographic factors and pre- and perioperative cerebral white matter disease volume. Analyses were corrected for multiple comparisons (false discovery rate P < .01)
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