Abstract
Adult reading tests (ART) have been widely used in both research and clinical settings as a measure of premorbid cognitive abilities or cognitive reserve. However, the neural substrates underlying ART performance are largely unknown. Furthermore, it has not yet been examined whether the neural substrates of ART performance reflect the cortical regions associated with premorbid intelligence or cognitive reserve. The aim of the study is to identify the functional neural correlates of ART performance using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in the cognitively normal (CN) middle- and old-aged adults. Voxel-wise analyses revealed positive correlations between glucose metabolism and ART performance in the frontal and primary somatosensory regions, more specifically the lateral frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and postcentral gyrus (PCG). When conducted again only for amyloid-β (Aβ)-negative individuals, the voxel-wise analysis showed significant correlations in broader areas of the frontal and primary somatosensory regions. This is the first neuroimaging study to directly demonstrate the cerebral resting-state glucose utilization associated with ART performance. Our findings provide important evidence at the neural level that ART predicts premorbid general intelligence and cognitive reserve, as brain areas that showed significant correlations with ART performance correspond to regions that have been associated with general intelligence and cognitive reserve.
Highlights
Estimation of premorbid cognitive ability is essential in both research and clinical settings to quantify and diagnose cognitive impairment
In order to further examine the strength of the correlations, raw mean FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) values were extracted from each cluster showing a significant association with the Korean Adult Reading Test (KART) performance and partial correlation analyses were performed controlling for the effects of age and gender
The current study identified the brain regions correlated with Adult reading tests (ART) performance by examining the associations between resting-state glucose metabolism and KART scores using a voxel-wise approach in cognitively normal (CN) adults
Summary
Estimation of premorbid cognitive ability is essential in both research and clinical settings to quantify and diagnose cognitive impairment. High prevalence of AD-related abnormal biomarkers at a given level of cognitive performance was associated with higher scores on ART, indicating that those with higher ART scores cope better with AD pathology (McGurn et al, 2004; Vemuri et al, 2011; Rentz et al, 2017). Taken together, these findings support that performance on ART reflects CR
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