Abstract
Neurofeedback (NF) training has been proved beneficial in cognitive and behavioral performance improvement in healthy individuals. Unfortunately, the NF learning ability shows large individual difference and in a number of NF studies there are even some non-learners who cannot successfully self-regulate their brain activity by NF. This study aimed to find out the neurophysiological predictor of the learning ability in up-regulating beta-1 (15–18 Hz)/theta (4–7 Hz) ratio (BTR) training in healthy young adults. Eighteen volunteers finished five training sessions in successive 5 days. We found that low beta (12–15 Hz) amplitude in a 1-min eyes-open resting baseline measured before training and the beta-1 amplitude in the first training block with 4.5-min duration could predict the BTR learning ability across sessions. The results provide a low cost, convenient and easy way to predict the learning ability in up-regulating BTR training, and would be helpful in avoiding potential frustration and adjusting training protocol for the participants with poor learning ability.
Highlights
Neurofeedback (NF) training enables people to learn self-regulating their brain activity and in doing so potentially improve their behavior or cognitive performance (Dempster and Vernon, 2009)
For sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) NF, Schabus et al (2014) performed 10 training sessions to up-regulate the amplitude of SMR (12–15 Hz) in a population of young primary insomnia patients for the purpose of enhancing their sleep quality and memory performance, and the results
Alpha decreased from pre baseline to Block 5 and rebounded in post baseline, whereas low beta was higher in five training blocks compared to pre and post baseline
Summary
Neurofeedback (NF) training enables people to learn self-regulating their brain activity and in doing so potentially improve their behavior or cognitive performance (Dempster and Vernon, 2009). Neurofeedback learning ability, which indicates how well the training individuals learn to self-regulate their EEG pattern, is critical in NF training, since it helps to understand the NF process and optimize the NF protocol (Gruzelier, 2014b; Zuberer et al, 2015). It has crucial mediation link with the enhancement of behavior or health after training (Gruzelier, 2014a). NF learning plays an important role in training efficiency
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