RESPUESTA A LA FERTILIZACION POTASICA DE TRES VARIEDADES DE FRIJOL CANARIO (Phaseolus vulgaris L), BAJO LAS CONDICIONES CLIMATICAS DE LOS ANITOS- BARRANCA

Abstract

The Canario bean Phaseolus vulgaris L, is a food legume of economic importance in the Province of Barranca-Perú. In the last five years, the presence of the "balloon grain" has influenced the low productivity of the crop. The purpose of the present study was to identify which factors limit performance and determine which variety (s) have the best behavior or resilience under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Fundo los Anitos, located in the Barranca district. The experiment was conducted at an altitude of 65 msnm, temperature oscillating between 13.9 to 29 °C and with an annual rainfall of 7-10 mm, FcoA soil, of alluvial origin. 03 Bean varieties were used, applying NPK with three levels of potassium fertilization. The experimental design used was a DBCA with 4 repetitions. The spacing of the culture was 0.8 mt. between grooves and 0.4 mt. between plants, 3 plants / blow. The hypothesis proposed refers to the fact that one or more Canario bean varieties, with balanced fertilization, are determining factors that influence the growth and accumulation of biomass, in addition to increasing the resilience capacity to unfavorable biotic and abiotic factors, caused by climate change. The results indicate that the Canario bean 2000, presented better behavior in biomass accumulation and resistance to rust and nematode attack, as well as better response to the 60N40P2O5-0K2O fertilization dose, compared to the other varieties under study. The centenario and common bean presented a response to fertilization 60N-40P2O5-60K2O and 60N-40P2O5- 120K2O, respectively. The results obtained in the present study are related to the growth habit of the varieties: Type I and II, being the Canario bean 2000, with a growth habit of type II, who presented the greatest accumulation of biomass at flowering, taking advantage of the residual potassium from the soil, resistance to rust and nematode attack. Key words: Potassium, fertilization, beans, variety, biomass, resilience